USENIX ATC '19: 2019 USENIX Annual Technical Conference

In solid-state drives (SSDs), garbage collection (GC) plays a key role in making free NAND blocks for newly coming data. The data copied from one block to another by GC affects both the performance and lifetime of SSD significantly. Placing the data with different “temperature” into different NAND blocks can reduce data copy overhead in GC. This paper proposes a scheme to place data according to its predicted future temperature. A neural network called LSTM is applied to increase the accuracy of temperature prediction in both temporal and spatial dimensions. And it also uses K-Means to do clustering and automatically dispatch similar “future temperature” data to the same NAND blocks. The results obtained show that performance and write amplification factor (WAF) are improved in various applications. In the best case, the WAF and 99.99% of the write latency are reduced by up to 43.5% and 79.3% respectively.